My First Job

My First Job I landed my tease position at sixteen in light of the fact that my folks required it. In any case, I had no goal of finding a new line of work and needed to keep being a young person where I had little duty. As I checked out my old neighborhood for a vocation, I found that there were not a great deal accessible. I at last had the option to get a new Line of work near my home at a nearby Dairy Queen working for the lowest pay permitted by law. Since I had a Job I needed to settle on choices in time I spent between companions, games, and now work. Having a vocation gave me another point of view toward life.It showed me the significance of cash and the results of my money related choices. It likewise helped me to comprehend the control I required on the progression of my accounts and en route showed me numerous life exercises. The main day of my Job was November 1 strip, 2012 and I was fearing It. I had heard accounts of how awful functioning In cheap food Is and I had no C lue about what to think. As I showed up on I had blended sentiments of dread and fervor. Wearing khaki shorts and a Dairy Queen polo I strolled in to my first employment. I was welcomed with grins and inviting comments, for example, great morning.The administrator clarified where I would be working and advised me to wash my hands. As I strolled to the flame broil territory, where I would be working at, I saw a spotless and all around kept station. My collaborators were all overall quite exceptionally accommodating. As the move came excessively close I understood that perhaps this wouldn't be as terrible as everybody had said. I immediately learned nuts and bolts of the barbecue and got a couple of stunts en route. I took in the exact chance to haul the fries out, how to appropriately cook a chicken sandwich, and to continually be supplied. Being supplied was a key factor In progress cause I never knew when a group transport would pull up and I would get very busy.I recollect arrivin g at the finish of a bustling movement and talking that didn't appear SIX hours. The moderate movements were horrendous in light of the fact that I wouldn't have anything to do and the hours would haul by. The primary clash I at any point had at work came during a bustling day in the mid year. I was working the flame broil and we were pummeled. There were several softball fields not far off and they had held a competition before that day. Was buckling down attempting to take care of the requests in an opportune way when I heard somebody holler about us not working cast enough.I found that extremely impolite to my colleagues and me since we were buckling down. Presently regardless of to what extent I sit tight for food at a restriction I never whine since I see how hard It can get. After I had been a Dally Queen for half a month I was planned an end move. This being my first Job I had no clue about what's in store. At the point when my first shutting shift approached the end and I re alized I was In for a difficult night. Right off the bat, we were not permitted to begin shutting until the last client left the store and that wasn't until around ten enormous.There was no clothes washer in this store so every dish was to be washed by hand and there were around 100 dishes. The general of the café must be great and if there was a morsel left it would need to be revamped. That first shutting shift I didn't leave the store until late. I figured out how to fear those end shifts and just at any point attempted to plan day shifts. I proceeded to go through 5 months at Dairy Queen yet as my budgetary need developed I realized it was the ideal opportunity for me to proceed onward. I valued the open door the organization had given me and the information they gave me.When I turned in my fourteen day notice it was met with distress and well wishes. I understood in those most recent fourteen days I invested heavily in my work and delighted in it all the more then previously. My last day was loaded up with farewells to my colleagues who presently had become my companions. As I checked out my last time I understood that I never needed to work in the cheap food industry again. The express work I did at Dairy Queen was getting ready food and keeping up the fryers. The certain work I did was committing the food quicker without making errors. When shutting however my express and understood work changed.Then my unequivocal work was to wash dishes and clear the floors. My understood work was to wash the dishes rapidly and effectively clearing up the soil and garbage. Now and again I preferred my Job and there were different occasions I detested it. I enjoyed that as a young person I had the option to pay for my own gas and furthermore have some cash on the off chance that I needed to purchase something. I likewise preferred it since it gave me an awareness of other's expectations on the grounds that the individuals at my Job were relying on me to appear for my works day. Be that as it may, I additionally didn't care for my Job since I would some of the time pass up spending time with my companions cause I needed to work.I got a couple of abilities during my time at Dairy Queen, for example, how to make a frozen custard, obligation, tolerance, and appreciation. The one that I loved the most was the means by which to make an ideal frozen custard. The second aptitude that I procured at Dairy Queen was duty. I needed to have duty in appearing on schedule for my days of work, keeping my region away from trash, keeping my hands clean, and keeping my food things very much loaded. I figured out how to have more tolerance with clients in light of the fact that in the food business clients can get bit nasty.Finally I figured out how to acknowledge what representatives functioning in cheap food do. My first Job truly transformed myself in quite a while. It allowed me the chance to be monetarily dependable and to figure out how to deal with my funds. It additionally showed me many life exercises and ways I could develop myself in a work place environment. I likewise had the option to utilize it as a resume manufacturer and I utilize my supervisor as a kind of perspective for different employments. My first Job might not have been the best yet I will utilize it as an apparatus for the future and will keep on expanding on what it educated me.

Homosexuality in U.S. free essay sample

Outline of societys evolving sees; taking a gander at legitimate logical issues, political activism and the issue of AIDS. This paper is an investigation of the present comprehension about homosexuality, the state wherein an individual is explicitly pulled in to individuals from their own sex rather than to individuals from the other gender. Evaluations change with respect to the level of the populace that can be characterized as gay; a few specialists trust it might be as high as 10 percent yet recognize that the exact number is difficult to decide since social and cultural marks of shame keep on making a straightforwardly gay way of life troublesome and agonizing. While as of late as the mid 1970s homosexuality was delegated a mental issue by the American Psychiatric Association, most of researchers currently concur that sexual direction is resolved essentially by a people qualities. Be that as it may, numerous families, social orders, composed religions, and legitimate frameworks proceed to..

Highly Sensitive Person Traits That Create More Stress

Highly Sensitive Person Traits That Create More Stress Theories Personality Psychology Print Highly Sensitive Person Traits That Create More Stress By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 16, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 16, 2019 Jovo Jovanovic/Stocksy United More in Theories Personality Psychology Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is an HSP? Frequency Signs Stress Experience Coping View All Back To Top Have you ever been told that you’re “too sensitive” or that you “shouldn’t think so much,” particularly by people who strike you as too insensitive or who perhaps should think a little more? You may be what is known as a “highly sensitive person,” or HSP. What Is an HSP? Highly sensitive people are generally known as being “empaths” and may also be referred to as having sensory processing sensitivity, or SPS for short. People may have labeled you “highly sensitive” or “too sensitive” in the past and meant it as a negative thing, but this is not necessarily negative as much as it is a personality trait that brings both strengths and challenges. Yes, it is possible to be too easily offended by people who mean no harm or who are trying their best to be kind. Likewise, it is possible to overreact to daily stressors or relationship issues, particularly if you become emotionally aggressive as a response. However, being a highly sensitive person (or HSP for the sake of brevity) doesn’t necessarily mean that you imagine negative motives in people when they are not there; it is more that you may perceive them more easily, or you may be affected more deeply by negative experiences, which is not necessarily a weakness. If you know how to manage the unique features of being an HSP, you can make it more of a strength and less of a challenge in your life. To do this, it helps to understand what you’re dealing with, whether you are reading this for yourself or trying to build a deeper understanding of someone in your life who may be highly sensitive. How Common Are HSPs? Psychologists Elaine Aron and Arthur Aron, a husband and wife pair, coined the term HSP in the 1990s and have extensively studied and published on the topic. Researchers found that HSPs make up roughly 15 to 20 percent of the general population, so they are not as exceedingly rare as they may sometimes feel. That said, highly sensitive is a less common way to be, and our society tends to be built around people who notice a little less and are affected a little less deeply. Therefore, it helps to recognize the differences and make adjustments to minimize the stress that can come at greater levels to HSPs. This is true for those who recognize themselves as highly sensitive as well as those who have someone they care for who is more sensitive than the average person. How to Identify an HSP High sensitivity applies across a few different categories. It is important to remember that being an HSP does not mean that you have a diagnosable condition; it is a personality trait that involves increased responsiveness to both positive and negative influences. There are several traits or characteristics common to HSPs. According to the researchers who identified this personality trait, here’s what to look for. Being overwhelmed by sensory stimuli like noisy crowds, bright lights, or uncomfortable clothingFeeling the need to avoid violent movies or TV shows because they feel too intense and leave you feeling unsettledFeeling not just a preference, but a need for downtime, especially when you have hectic days; needing to retreat to a dark, quiet roomBeing deeply moved by beauty, either expressed in art, nature, or the human spirit, or sometimes even a good commercialHaving a rich and complex inner life, complete with deep thoughts and strong feelings that go with it For a more thorough or “official” identification, there is a personality questionnaire that these researchers developed to help people identify themselves as HSPs, which is known as Aron’s Highly Sensitive Persons Scale (HSPS) questionnaire and is available on their website. How HSPs Experience Stress Not surprisingly, highly sensitive people tend to get more stressed by things that many people experience stressful, plus a few things that may roll off of other people’s backs. Social stress, which is perceived as more taxing to most people than other types of stress, can be particularly taxing on someone who can perceive many different ways that things could go wrong in a conflict, for example, or can perceive hostility or tension where others may not notice it. Here are a few specific things that can be significantly stressful for the highly sensitive. Hectic Schedules Not everyone loves being too busy, but some people thrive on the excitement and exhilaration of a busy life. HPSs, on the other hand, feel overwhelmed and rattled when they have too much to do in a short amount of time, even if they technically have enough time to get everything done if they rush. The need to juggle  the uncertainty of maybe not being able to make it all work and the pressure of such situations feels overwhelmingly stressful. Expectations of Others Highly sensitive people tend to pick up on the needs and feelings of others. They hate letting people down. Learning to say no is a challenge and a necessity for HSPs because they can feel crushed by the demands of others, particularly because they can feel their friends’ disappointment if HSPs need to say no or can’t do what is expected of them. They tend to be their own worst critics and can feel responsible for the happiness of others, or at least acutely aware of it when there are negative emotions floating around. Conflicts As mentioned, HSPs may be more prone to being stressed by conflict because they may be more aware of it when there is trouble brewing in a relationship, including when things just feel a little “off” with someone who may not be communicating that there is a problem. They can be prone to the stress of social comparison as well.  They may feel the negative feelings of the other person as well as their own feelings, and they may experience them more strongly and deeply than others. They may be more aware of both the possibilities to improve things and upset when potentially good outcomes give way to more negative outcomes through the course of a deteriorating conflict. They may also be more upset when they realize that a relationship is over, feeling that things could have been resolved, whereas someone else may feel there is nothing that could be done and walks away. The highly sensitive may feel the loss more acutely as well and engage in rumination. Tolerations Life coaches refer to those daily energy drains that we all have as ?tolerations,  as in “things we tolerate” that create stress and aren’t strictly necessary. Distractions may feel more frustrating for the HSP who is trying to concentrate, for example, or foul smells in one’s house may be felt more strongly and make relaxation more elusive for an HSP in a messy home. They are more easily startled by surprises. They get “hangry” when hungryâ€"they don’t tolerate it well. In this way, life’s daily stressors often add up to more frustration for the highly sensitive. Personal Failures As mentioned, HSPs are their own worst critics. That means they are more prone to rumination and self-doubt. They may remember for quite a while if they make an embarrassing mistake, and feel more embarrassed about it than the average person would. They don’t like being watched and evaluated when they are attempting something challenging, and can even mess up because of the stress of being watched. They are more often perfectionists, but may also be more aware of the ways that this stress is not inevitable and of how it is affecting them. Being Deeply Moved Feeling things more deeply has an upside as well. Highly sensitive people tend to feel deeply moved by the beauty they see around them. They have been known to cry while watching particularly heartwarming videos about puppies on YouTube, and can really feel the feelings of others, both negative and positive. They care deeply about their friends and tend to form deep bonds with the right people. They really appreciate a fine wine, a good meal, a beautiful song, and many of the finer things in life on a level that most people cant access. They may feel more existential angst, but they also may feel more gratitude for what they have in life, knowing that it is possibly fleeting and nothing is certain. Their lows may be lower, but their highs have the potential to be higher as well. Stress Relief for the Highly Sensitive Much of your stress relief plan as a highly sensitive person can involve insulating yourself from too many stimuli. Put a barrier between you and sensory stimuli that feel overwhelming. Dont watch those late-night slasher movies. Stay away from people who sap your positive energy, make heavy demands on you, or make you feel bad about yourself. Learn to say no to overwhelming demands and feel OK  with it, and create a perimeter in your life. Set up your home as a soothing environment and a safe space for yourself emotionally. Create some extra positive experiences in your schedule to insulate you from additional stress you may encounter. And above all, know what triggers stress in you, and learn to avoid these things. How to Develop a Stress Reduction Plan That Works

A Critics Opinion of a Dolls House - 1743 Words

Destiny Maxfield Mrs. Collar Engl. 1302 19 November 2012 A Critic’s Opinion of A Doll’s House In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House many views could be seen from both sides of the gender world. Critics will argue about the true meaning of the story and why Ibsen wrote the story. The main points of the play that critics discuss are sexuality i.e. feminism, the wrong doing of the father figure, and spiritual revolution. I believe these critics are each right in their own way from my understanding of the play and their ideas about the play. Sexuality or, in the case of A Doll’s House, feminism plays a huge role in how Nora ends the play for the readers. As I read through several criticisms of this play the main one that stuck out to me was how†¦show more content†¦Linde†¦is the victim of an absent father. To support her sick mother and her brothers†¦she married a man she did not love. The absence of her father forced her to seek a new father figure in a rich husband, but he too fails in the rol e. By depicting the father as absent or polluted, Ibsen defames the patriarchal figure† (Rosefeldt). A morally polluted father is the next type that is depicted in the play not only for Nils Krogstad but for Dr. Rank as well. I read that, â€Å"Nils Krogstad†¦he has committed forgery†¦he has covered up the crime†¦every breath the children take in [his home] is filled with the germs of something degenerate† (Rosefeldt). In those times fatherhood stood for everything that mattered in life and society. â€Å"Fatherhood is connected with a moral disease that will infect and destroy the lives of the children† (Rosefeldt). Paul Rosefeldt also explains that, â€Å"†¦because Rank’s father kept mistresses and contracted syphilis, Rank inherited the disease†¦must suffer for ‘somebody else’s sins’†¦fatherhood itself is connected to universal pollution† (Rosefeldt). Nora is told several times she is just like he r father which keeps on with the polluted father figure, â€Å"her carelessness about debt, Helmer states that she is ‘exactly the way your father was’†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢all your father’s flimsy values have come out in you’†¦the father has passed on his corruption to his child. But the influence was also passed on toShow MoreRelatedKatherine Mansfield s The Garden Party And The Doll s House Essay1954 Words   |  8 Pageswithin her writing (The Garden Party and The Doll’s House) which was influenced from her upbringing and childhood Katherine Mansfield was a 1900’s modernist writer of short fiction who was born and raised in a socially prominent family in Wellington, New Zealand. Much of her work was strongly themed around issues such as classism, a woman s place in society, sexuality, adulthood and also grief. The central theme in Katherine Mansfield’s stories The Doll’s House and The Garden Party centres around theRead MoreBibo1025 Words   |  5 Pagespaper. Feminism Fiction Brunnemer, Kristin. Sexuality in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House. In Bloom, Harold, ed. Human Sexuality, Blooms Literary Themes. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2009. Blooms Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 6 Nov. 2012. In this article, Kristin Brunnemer explores writer Henrik Ibsen and the transformation of Nora, the main character in Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† (Brunnemer 1). There is much debate over whether Ibsen intended to promoteRead MoreA Dolls House -H.Ibsen ,Critical Analysis1554 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Subject : Drama B Writer : Henrik Johan Ibsen Genre : Realistic Modern Drama Name of the Work / Play : A Doll’s House ( 1897 ) in three acts Characters : Major Characters / Minor Characters Nora Helmer ( wife of Torvald Helmer ,mother of three children ) Torvald Helmer( husband of Nora Helmer , a lawyer ,father of three children ) Dr. Rank ( doctor ,friend of Nora Torvald Helmer, confidant ,commentator ) Mrs. Kristine Linde ( old friend of Nora Helmer ) Nils Krogstad ( barristerRead MoreMrs Alving in Ghosts by Ibsen1187 Words   |  5 Pageswithout a sense of duty were often shunned and rejected by their fellow citizens. Henrik Ibsen was well-known for his somewhat controversial plays. Just before writing Ghosts, â€Å"Ghosts† he wrote A Doll’s House about a young woman seeking to escape the bonds of duty. While the classic feminist story in A Doll’s House has a hint of hope for Nora Helmer, who decides to speak up for her own rights as a woman and as a human being, Ghosts seems to me to be the gloomy alternative, as Mrs Alving overcomes yearsRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1666 Words   |  7 PagesMy understanding of cultural and contextual considerations of the work, A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, was deepened through the interactive oral. We discussed about the cultural values of the time with its emphasis on the position of women, and the play’s influence on feminism in Norway. In fa ct, A Doll’s House is more relevant than before, since a paradigm shift occurred in the modern society that women are no longer dependent upon men. After the publication and the first stage production, theRead MoreA Doll’S House. By Henrik Ibsen. Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906),974 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House By Henrik Ibsen Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906), Norway’s major playwright and poet during the 19th century, was a pioneer of Western modernism (Wikipedia). His plays founded the realist school of Western theatre and some literary critics even consider him as â€Å"the father of realism† or refer to the rise of â€Å"Ibsenism† (iii) when discussing his work. A Doll’s House (1879) is one of the most influential plays in European literature because it created a new, realist style of staging plays, movingRead More Analysis Of Ibsens A Dolls House Essay1839 Words   |  8 PagesA Doll House A critical Analysis When Nora slammed the door shut in her dolls house in 1879, her message sent shockwaves around the world that persist to this day. I must stand quite alone, Nora declared after finding out that her ideal of life was just a imagination of her and that all her life had been build up by others peoples, specifically her husband and her dad ideas, opinions and tastes. Nora is the pampered wife of an aspiring bank manager Torvald Halmer. In a desperate attemptRead MoreAnalysis of Doll House Play Essay1916 Words   |  8 PagesRorke English 102 1st Nov. 2005 A Doll House A critical Analysis When Nora slammed the door shut in her dolls house in 1879, her message sent shockwaves around the world that persist to this day. I must stand quite alone, Nora declared after finding out that her ideal of life was just a imagination of her and that all her life had been build up by others peoples, specifically her husband and her dad ideas, opinions and tastes. Nora is the pampered wife of an aspiringRead MoreA Dolls House As A Tragic Hero Analysis967 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus Rex, Sophocles laid the foundation for what is now considered the ideal tragic hero. Within A Doll’s House, Ibsen creates a modern hero in Nora Helmer; a woman who was oppressed for going against social rules for saving her husband. Nora follows the Aristotelian journey of a tragic hero, from hamartia through her tragic fall into catharsis. She is considered a modern day heroine, but critics argue that Nora does not represent the classic tragic hero because she does not have a reversal of fortuneRead MoreFeminist Analysis : A Doll s House1001 Words   |  5 Pageswidespread acknowledgment of the female being inferior, women began to accept their lesser status. Female critics â€Å"look at the depiction of women in male texts in an effort to reveal the misogyny (negative attitudes towards women) lurking there† (Dobie 106). This means critics look at mistreated women in texts. Such as blanks, unfinished sentences, and even silences. Henrick Ibsen’s, A Doll’s House, captures the unfavorable gender-role of oppressed women who are treated as mere â€Å"dolls† played by men

The Definition of Happiness - 505 Words

What does happiness mean? According to Merriam-Webster happiness (1) is a state of well-being and contentment, (2) an experience that makes people happy. There can be many definitions of the word happiness because it may mean different things to people. What may make me happy may not make others happy. For me happiness is as simple as feeling good about myself, doing what I love and having the people I love around me. According to the Declaration of Independence, they do not guarantee us happiness, but they do guarantee us the right to pursue what makes us happy. Happiness is hard to achieve, and that is why most of us live trying to find those things that make us happy. My family brings joy and happiness into my life. They are a very important part of my everyday life. My family accepts and understands me as I am, and they support me no matter what. They are the ones who encourage me whenever I have a problem and help me survive in tough times. They teach me the values of love, affection and care. They are an essential part of my development and personality; thanks to them, I am a good person today. It makes me happy to go home every day and see my family, have dinner with them and spend time together. I think my life will not be the same without my parents and my sister. They are a complement to my happiness. I pursue happiness through education. It makes me happy to go to school every day and learn new things. Getting good grades is a big satisfaction for me. In addition,Show MoreRelatedDefinition Of Happiness942 Words   |  4 Pagesthose around me. The definition of happiness is important. Some people would say that those that seek happiness will never obtain it. I certainly agree that people who want bliss all the time, will never get there, but I don’t think that applies to all types of happiness. Someone who wants to be happy, and I don’t mean the delirious, madly euphoric kind of happy, can, with time and effort, achieve this goal. I think many people also fall into the fallacy that happiness is either begotten throughRead MoreDefinition Essay On Happiness757 Words   |  4 PagesHappiness Many people show happiness in many ways from a smile to a laugh, but do we really know what’s behind our happiness? Happiness is derived from the old English word, hap, which means lucky. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary describes happiness as â€Å"a state of well-being and contentment†; â€Å"a pleasure or satisfying experience† (â€Å"happy†). â€Å"Happiness encompasses living a meaningful life, utilizing your gifts and your time, living with thought and purpose† (Flora). This is the physiological definitionRead MoreDefinition Essay On Happiness717 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to the Dictionary, â€Å"happiness is the mental or emotional state of well being which can be defined by others. A pleasurable or satisfying experience.†. Of course that’s true, the feeling of happiness is what it’s scientifically defined as, but happiness is much more than that. Happiness could be a certain sound, a smell, even feeling a certain pi ece of clothing or a thick warm blanket. People spend hours even years trying to work for what they think is happiness. They work for hours to getRead MoreA New Definition Of Happiness909 Words   |  4 PagesA New Definition of Happiness By Alec Borenstein | Submitted On November 07, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook 1 Share this article on Twitter 1 Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon 1 Share this article on Delicious 1 Share this article on Digg 1 Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Alec Borenstein THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS Happiness. It s a wordRead MoreAristotle And Socrates And Aristotles Definition Of Happiness1157 Words   |  5 PagesHappiness is an absolute state of mind, where a person can realize the ultimate contentment in their life regardless of circumstances. Happiness is the end of every desire, after which nothing is desirable. Socrates believes that happiness is a concept of morality and the stable state of ones’ mind, which is non-dependable on the material goods, resources and circumstances. Whereas Aristotle in the Nicomachean Ethics, states that â€Å"happiness depends on our self†, where both the material satisfactionRead MoreThe Definition of Happiness in Tom Hewitts Article Learning from Tison970 Words   |  4 Pagesqualifications for this particular term, happiness actually can be defined. In fact, it usually helps to best define happiness in terms of what it is and what it is not. Happiness is certainly a state of fluctuation there is no consistent, prolonged st ate of felicity. If so, it then becomes normal, the normal becomes boring, and the result a sort of benign content becomes a bland, meaningless state devoid of any significant stimulus. Instead, what is needed for happiness is the vicissitudes of life. WereRead MoreHappiness Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesHappiness is most prominent in those that are fortunate. Those with many friends, a supportive family, and an abundance of material goods are the happiest. Aristotle teaches that happiness is the ultimate goal in a successful life. It is a sense of fulfillment that comes to all who are blessed. Happiness is acquired through competence and prosperity. It is a reward to all who flourish in life. Those born into poverty and anguish are more likely to be miserable than happy. It is highly necessary forRead MoreThe Aim of Man Essays707 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The Aim of Man† Aristotle starts off in his essay explaining the definitions of Good, Primacy of Statecraft and the study of Ethics. He defines good as where all things are to be aimed, for example health. He then defines Statecraft as citizens of a state, a country, and of the world need to do good for their own good but more importantly for the good of the state. He also characterizes various types of good. Finally, the definition on study of Ethics. This talks about the pure excellence of justiceRead MoreUnit 4 Happiness Assignment1205 Words   |  5 PagesUnit 4 Happiness Assignment Levi Wilson Kaplan University HU300-26 The first person I interviewed was my friend’s grandmother. Although I have not met her, I have heard many things about her. She is 85 years old and has a good perspective on life. The second person I interviewed was my friend’s daughter. I know her very well. We have spent a great deal of time together. Interview with Mrs. Sally Watson Question: What is your definition of happiness? Response: Being happy meansRead MoreZiyin 1 1 Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pagescountry. He uses a beguiling mixture of travel, psychology, science, and humor to investigate where happiness is. Rhetoric has enjoyed many definitions, accommodated differing purposes, and varied widely in what it included. The traditional definition of rhetoric, first proposed by Aristotle, was the art of observing in any given case the â€Å"available means of persuasion.† It is such a wise definition. In a broader sense, good rhetoric can refer to the effective use of language in any form of discourse

The Relationships Between Human Health and Agriculture Free Essays

Spedding (1988) defines agriculture as â€Å"an activity (of Man), carried out primarily to produce food and fibre (and fuel, as well as many other materials) by the deliberate and controlled use of (mainly terrestrial) plants and animals†1. Inherent in this definition is the importance of agriculture and its impact on the lives of virtually all human beings around the world. Through their ability to control and cultivate whole biological systems for their own purposes and survival, agriculture can be regarded as one of the most revolutionary and distinguishing aspects of mankind. We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationships Between Human Health and Agriculture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Read also Six Dimensions of Health Worksheet In this way, it is also directly linked to human welfare, and one can explore the way advances in the two domains affect one another, building up to an almost symbiotic relationship between human health and agriculture. Even with a cursory thought, there is a significant link between agriculture and human health. Raeburn insists that the main contribution to human welfare is food, and that mankind depends on almost all supplies on agriculture2. Indeed, humans as heterotrophic organisms are dependent on the intake and digestion of organic substances as a source of energy, required for maintaining basic metabolic activities as well as providing chemical energy. These organic substances are what we normally refer to as food, but also essential are the various by-products of agriculture, the main ones being â€Å"food, fibre, and raw materials for industrial use†3 used in our everyday lives to increase our comfort (e. g. otton and wool used for the production of warm clothes). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†4. This definition allows us to tackle the impact of agriculture on human health from a number of different perspectives. Undoubtedly, the most significant agricultural products contributing to the ‘absence of infirmity or illness’ in human beings are alimentary products. Read this Ch. 22 Respiratory System The fruits, vegetables, cereals, nuts, meat, milk, produced by cultivation, contain vitamins and minerals as well as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, which are indispensable to maintain a healthy, functioning organism. For example, Vitamin C and E (mainly found in fruits and vegetables) act as powerful antioxidants, protecting cells from foreign toxins and pollutants, as well as cancer-causing agents. Calcium, abundant in dairy products and some green leafy vegetables, is responsible for strong bones and teeth, as well as helping nerve conduction and muscle contraction. They provide a source of fibre as well, which lowers blood cholesterol levels and is believed to prevent certain forms of colon cancer. Of these micronutrients, a majority are not normally produced by our bodies, hence they must be acquired through diet. According to a recent report from the FAO/WHO Expert Report on Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, most populations are still falling short of the recommended intake of fruits and vegetables. An estimated 2. 7 million people die each year from the risks related to low fruit and vegetable intake5. Low fruit and vegetable intake also affects one’s risks of being affected by Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs), such as weakened immune systems, type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and various cancers. The total world population has grown from just under 2 billion to about 6. 2 billion in a mere century6. Read also Intro to Public Relations Notes This is attributed in part to certain technological innovations in the agricultural domain during the 1950s, collectively referred to as â€Å"The Green Revolution†, Through utilization of high-yield crops, irrigation and controlled water supply, and fertilizers and pesticides, the world is producing more food than ever before, mainly by maximizing the output from every hectare of soil. Major arable crops such as rice, wheat, and corn have been experimented on, for they germinate earlier and grow quicker, allowing the harvest of two or three crops a year. New varieties are constantly being developed, which have led up to a 30% increase in maximum yield, as well as more resistant varieties of crops (e. g. wheat which has become resistant to rust and mildew). Chickens and pigs yield twice as much meat and dairy cows twice as much milk as they did 60 years ago, argues Lomborg. An increased interest in irrigation and water control has allowed drier areas to cultivate their fair share of crops, as well as increasing soil fertility in some areas of the world and increase the harvesting opportunities. Indeed, irrigated land makes up only 18% of the world’s total agricultural landmass, but contributes to 40% of the Earth’s food7. Fertilizers and pesticides have also proved indispensable for plant growth and warding off disease-causing insects. The Green Revolution is provides evidence of the positive contribution of agriculture to human health and welfare: food quantity and quality produced have increased, making it feasible for the agricultural domain to keep up with the nutritional needs of a rapidly increasing population. A more tragic example of human dependency on proper agricultural methods is the Irish Potato Blight of 1845 to1847. Whitlock (1965) describes how the popularity of potatoes as a farm crop, after having found their way to Ireland originally from South America through Spain, started to increase, for it was a cheap crop perfectly suited to the needs of a newly urbanized population. Consequently, the Irish population rose from 1 500 000 to 4 000 000 habitants in the course of the eighteenth century. However, the working class’ over-dependency on a potato-based diet resulted in the severe famine that followed the widespread infection of the potato crops by the fungi Phytophthera infestans. The severe famine over the following years and caused a decline of about 1 622 739 Irish citizens between 1841 and 1851 due to the destruction of the staple food supply of the Irish. The physical and social well being of humans is affected by agriculture both at the consumer level, as well as that of the farmers themselves. Farmers and their families face numerous risks working at the farm, such as zoonoses, overexposure to chemical substances, hearing loss, as well as dangers on the farm. Consumers on the other hand, face more indirect risks of chemical residues and quality of food produced. Farmers may be exposed to zoonoses, diseases transferable from animals to humans. These diseases have captured society’s attention often over the course of the past few years, mostly due to notorious examples such as the human variant of BSE (bovine spongioform encephalopathy), the Creutzfield-Jacob disease, even though in the period of 1981-85 they contributed to only 4% of all fatal accidents in agriculture8. Examples also include Farmer’s Lung, a respiratory condition caused by inhalation of fungal spores from mouldy feed or litter, responsible for an allergic reaction in the alveoli and breathing difficulties. Other dangers of normal farm labour include risks of physical injury when working with complicated equipment, like tractors. In 1981-85, about 30% of fatal accidents in agriculture were caused by self-propelled machines, and a further 13% by other field machines9. In addition, hearing loss or permanent ‘ringing’ may occur if working in a tractor for long periods of time without ear protection, for the normal noise level is about 95-105 dB. Possibly, labouring in the agricultural sector is much tougher than most careers in the service sector, contributing to a higher risk of physical exhaustion and stress, as well as technical risks from different machines. Farmers also risk suffering from depression and marginalization, as well as large differences in income. The number of farmers has decreased dramatically over the last century, and it in this way that social exclusion and depression may threaten farmers, especially in the developed countries where the proportion of working population employed in agriculture makes up only around 3%10, and decreasing constantly. Risks for the potential consumer include exposure to chemical residues, mostly from herbicides and pesticides used in the production. After the initial enthusiasm following the success of increased use of fertilizers and pesticides during the Green Revolution, internationally accepted quality standards have been set up in attempt to minimize health hazards of pesticide use, such as the WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES). Some famous examples of potentially toxic chemicals are DDT and paraquat. DDT, a neurotoxic, has been associated with serious damage to the CNS, as well as reproductive abnormalities, in both humans and other organisms. An investigation carried out on a group of men in close contact with DDT at work showed that they appeared to have a decreased fertility rate; in addition, a higher rate of stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and congenital effects were prevalent amongst their offspring11. Indeed, the use of DDT was banned in 1972 in the USA, due to excessive use and its persistence in the environment and fatty tissues in humans and other animals. Paraquat, an organochlorine herbicide, is admitted to be generally safe provided certain precautions are taken, but at the same time it is considered to be highly toxic. Its effects can be quite hazardous, from lung scarring, kidney and heart failure, and carcinogenic risks in the long run, as well as skin irritation, nosebleeds, and eye injury resulting from non-lethal long term exposure. As is the case with many pesticide residues, when consumers are exposed to minute amounts of the substance over a long time period, the chronic effects may have quite a devastating impact on not only human health, but that of other organisms and the environment too. However, it seems reasonable to say that their use in the recent decades has greatly increased yields of the major crops like corn, wheat, and rice, contributing to an increase in the average daily calorie intake of populations, especially in developing countries12. It may be that usage of pesticides and herbicides proves to be more beneficial than harmful to the human population in the long run, for an increase in yield contributes to a decrease in price of fruit and vegetable produce, essential to our health as we have seen in the previous paragraphs. Lomborg (2001) points out that carsinogenic properties of various pesticides and chemicals have been greatly exaggerated by the press, given that in reality, deaths from pesticide-originating cancers have been found to be less than 1% of all cancer-derived deaths. The last century has seen mankind blessed with many inventions and technological advances which have allowed him to even further manipulate and control the world and mechanisms surrounding him. The agricultural domain has also had its fair share of innovations, which have allowed it to become more efficient, more intensive, and more productive. These advances, such as the development of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and machinery to improve crop yields, appear beneficial to agricultural production, promoting both quality and quantity of food produced. Worries over human health have also reached the point where agriculture is constantly being driven to more intense measures and inventions to increase yield and quality to the products. However, new as these techniques are, their thorough impacts on human health cannot yet be fully assessed. Most techniques affect us strictly through the food we choose to eat, but some may also involve by-products which are harmful to the environment, thus indirectly affecting our health, as well as that of other organisms and the environment. Thus, we can say that the impact of agriculture on human health is significant. The varied, and often direct relationships that exist between agriculture and our welfare demonstrate to what extent it is present in different areas our everyday lives. Each and every human being on the planet is somehow affected by agriculture, for its main contribution is food, indispensable for our health and survival (not to forget other important raw materials). Through the evolution of cultivating land into a wholly organized form of profit-making business, the 20th century has seen the development of agribusiness. We can even consider the relationship between human health and agriculture as being a symbiotic one, where human health works as a guiding force of agricultural innovations, while problems encountered with certain agricultural techniques, methods, and products result in a continuous quest for new solutions to improve the state of human health and agriculture overall. Albeit much progress into human welfare and how to further increase it through output of improved food materials, numerous controversies still exist as to whether too much importance is being attributed to purely human interests, in the place of more global and environmental ones. Humans must find a compromise between their own welfare interests and those of animal welfare and environmental problems if the expansion and popularity of agricultural innovations is to continue in the future. How to cite The Relationships Between Human Health and Agriculture, Papers

My Hero free essay sample

John C. Maxwell, an expert in leadership, defines leadership as influence. One leader in my life that has influenced me more than anyone else is a woman named Bailey. She is a formal cheerleader from Baylor University, and graduated with a degree in entrepreneurship. She then pursued a teaching career at my school for one year. While teaching at my school, Bailey influenced many lives including my own. She was my Bible teacher my freshman year, which was a good start to my high school. She always listens to me, and offers her advice on any question I have. She is always willing to help and has always been extremely selfless. Any time I am ever near her she is always smiling, and she has a gift to spread joy to anyone she is around. I shattered my ankle in the sixth grade and was forced to quit gymnastics. When I got off crutches in the eighth grade I started back up in tumbling. We will write a custom essay sample on My Hero or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bailey encouraged me to try cheer, and for three months, she spent multiple days a week after school teaching me and pouring into my life. Not only did Bailey help me in my academics and athletics, she continuously helped me in my spiritual life. She invests much of her time in listening to every word anyone has to say, and she never rushes them. She treats everyone as if they are the only person in the world she has to focus on. She constantly builds everyone up, and never makes anyone feel unimportant. She makes an effort to not just forget about a person the next year, but she keeps up with them. She never judges, and is always accepting of anything you tell her. Bailey can find a solution to any problem, and is always willing to work with you every step of the way. I always know I can come to her if I ever need an encouraging word, or just to see a sweet smile. Not only is she beautiful on the outside, her inner beauty shines brighter than anyone I have ever met. She is easy to spend time with and a person anyone could talk to for hours on end and get lost in the interesting conversations you would have. I will never forget her and I hope I am blessed with many more years with her. My Hero free essay sample The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. How Full is Your Bucket? The self-help books of the decade. These both have been New York Times bestsellers. Government officials and average citizens throughout the world buy books and tapes on how to improve themselves and their lives. I won’t lie. I’ve delved into a couple of these books (you can’t avoid them with a paranoid mother). In each book I read, it stresses you grow from your mistakes, and that your â€Å"problems† make you stronger. Is it odd that I have grown more from one of my closest cousins’ trials and errors, and not my own? â€Å"Are they twins? They’re adorable!†My cousin and I used to get that each time we went to the local grocery store. We were inseparable. We would play horse in the fields, pick strawberries, and hoola-hoop the summers away. The years passed, but the summers were different. We will write a custom essay sample on My Hero or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We drifted. Although she was far away, she was still my hero. I admired her hop scotch skills, her confidence, and how cool she was. Tanya. My best friend. We promised we would never drift, but it happened. It was almost like having my vision taken away. It was hard to live without. Today, she’s nineteen. She’s in prison, facing six felonies and forty years. Heroin and coke replaced me as her best friend. But they can’t laugh with her. They can’t swing with her, gossip about boys, or help mend a broken heart. She wasn’t even the same girl anymore. I felt like my hero had disappeared. So, who do I look up to now? I’m not trying to tell you a sob story. I know hardships happen in every family. But my cousin impacted me in a way that no one else has. By seeing her potential ruined, I realized I have a chance to make a difference. She was made for greatness, and I want to choose the path she could have taken. I’m planning on going for a psychology major, so I can do my best to prevent tragedies in other families. Maybe I can be like the self help book for a family in need. If I could help even one person like my cousin, I would be satisfied. I love Tanya dearly, and I wish for nothing but the best. But you don’t always get the best. The saying, â€Å"the most you can do is hope for the best, but expect the worse† has stuck with me. Thanks to my cousin, I’d like to change that. For myself, I hope and expect nothing but the best.

Satire and Comedy Essay Example

Satire and Comedy Paper Satire Satire is a term applied to any work of literature or art whose objective is ridicule. It has significant functions in social and political criticism. Satirical literature exposes foolishness in all its forms, such as vanity, hypocrisy, sentimentality etc. It also attempts to effect reform through such exposure. Satirists, therefore, design a work of literature focusing on human or individual vices, follies, abuses, or shortcomings. They use satire as a literary technique to combat these vices and shortcomings, and to censure by means of ridicule, derision, burlesque, irony or other methods (New Encyclopedia Britannica, 1993, 10, 467). Satirical works are commonly critical. Hawthorn (2005:197) states, Satire attacks alleged vices and stupidities either of individuals or of whole communities or groups and its tools are ridicule, exaggeration and contempt. However, Sutherland (1958:2) points out that not all satirical works are equally critical. He argues that: 2 Some works are satirical throughout; in others the satire is only intermittent, one element in a more complex effect. The lines that separate the satirical from the unsatirical are often hard to define, either because the writer shifts easily and rapidly from one mood to another, or because the satirical tone is so rarefied as to be almost imperceptible. In addition to being critical, many satirical texts are humorous. To put it in Feinbergs words, crit icism and humor have to be present in a literary work to be called satiric (1967:60). Thus, it is the nature of satire to be humorous and critical in order to expose follies and vices of individuals and society, and if possible, to do justice to such erroneous practices. Several literary critics state that satire is a protean term that makes it difficult to come up with a fixed definition. In line with this, The New Encyclopedia Britannica, 2005, 23,173 states, together with its derivatives, it is one of the most heavily worked literary designations and one of the most imprecise. This book even goes to the extent of saying: No strict definition can encompass the complexity of a word that signifies, on one hand, a kind of literature as when one speaks of the satires of the Roman poet Horace or calls the American novelist Nathanael Wests A Cool Million a satire and, on the other hand, a mocking spirit or tone that manifests itself in many literary genres but can also enter into almos t any kind of human communication. We will write a custom essay sample on Satire and Comedy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Satire and Comedy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Satire and Comedy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Similarly, Feinberg (1967:18) points out that satire is such an amorphous genre that no two scholars define it in the same words. However, many literary scholars have attempted to give suitable working definitions based on their own perspectives. This does not exclude the definition stated in the 13 above source that states, Wherever wit is employed to expose something foolish or vicious, to criticism, there satire exists, whether it is in song or sermon, in painting or political debate, on television or in the movies. Nor does it disregard what Feinberg says in defining satire as: a playfully critical distortion of the familiar (1967:19). It is, therefore, important to mention the varying definitions of satire given by different writers at this point. One of the most widely accepted definitions of satire is the one that is given in A Glossary of Literary Terms by Abrams (1981:167). Abrams defines satire as: The literary art of diminishing a subject by making it ridiculous nd evoki ng toward it attitudes of amusement, contempt, indignation or scorn. It differs from the comic in that comedy evokes laughter mainly as an end in itself, while satire derides; that it uses laughter as a weapon and against a butt existing outside the work itself. That butt may be an individual (in personal satire), or a type of person, a class, an institution, a nation or even (as in Rochesters A Satyr against Mankind and much of Swifts Gullivers Travels, especially Book IV) the whole race of man. The above definition emphasizes the principal notion of satire as a literary work in which human vice or folly are attacked through such techniques as irony, derision, or wit. Accordingly, it is the nature of satire to ridicule mans naive acceptance of individuals and institutions at face value (Feinberg, 1963:19). It is also acknowledged that satire gives us pleasure, for it presents the subject matter to scrutiny through humorous ways. 14 Robert Harris (2004), points out that the best definitions of satire should be formulated from a combination of its corrective intent and its literary method of execution. He quotes Thralls definition as an acceptable definition of satire as follows: A literary manner that blends a critical attitude with humor and wit to the end that human institutions or humanity may be improved. The true satirist is conscious of the frailty of institutions of mans devising and attempts through laughter not so much to tear them down as to inspire a remodeling. It is important to note in the above definition that satire involves the fusion of laughter and contempt. Inseparable from any definition of satire is its corrective purpose. Ian Gordon (2002) points out the corrective purpose of the satirist saying that the satirist stands in opposition to the current state of affairs, endeavoring to change things either to what they were in a recalled and often mythologized, past, or to what they might be in a preferred, and frequently Utopian, future. It may follow from the above definitions that the corrective purpose of satire is expressed through a critical mode that includes laughter and contempt. Scholes and Sullivan (1986:8) define satire based on the view of the world presented in a literary text. They argue, A work that presents a fictional world worse than the real world is in th e mode of anti-romance, or satire. They also suggest, The world of satire emphasizes ugliness and disorder. These authors claim remind us that the theme of sati re can be presented through different techniques in order to maintain standards, reaffirm values, and to come up with reforms in the society. 15 To put it briefly, satire is concerned with the nature of reality. It exaggerates or understates to criticize human follies and vices for it has a corrective purpose. It reveals the contrast between reality and pretense; yet again, it uses comic devices in order to criticize and give us pleasure. As Feinberg (1967) puts it, the sphere of satire is criticism of man and society, a criticism made entertaining by humor and moving by irony and invective. For many literary scholars, efforts at defining satire may vary. However, the definitions such as those described above commonly share the view that satire is concerned with the criticism of individual and social evils. Moreover, at the heart of every satire, there exists a corrective purpose that is expressed through critical humor. 2. 2 Characteristics of Satire Satire, in prose or verse, employs critical humor to expose human wickedness and folly. In reflecting the salient characteristics of satire, Mitchell (2003) argues that satire attacks those institutions or individuals the satirist deems corrupt. In other words, one characteristic feature of satire is that it is concerned with ethical reform. The other characteristics of satire according to Mitchell are: It works to make vice laughable and/or reprehensible and thus bring social pressure on those who still engage in wrongdoing. It seeks a reform in public behavior, a shoring up of its audiences standards or at the very least a wake- up call in an otherwise corrupt culture. Satire is often implicit and assumes readers who can pick up on its moral clues. It is not a sermon. Satire in general attacks types the fool, the boor, the adulterer, the proud rather than specific persons. If it does attack some by name, rather than hoping to reform these persons, it seeks to warn the 16 public against approving of them. Satire is witty, ironic, and often exaggerated. It uses extremes to bring its audience to a renewed awareness of its ethical and spiritual danger. According to Ian Johnston (1998), one characteristic feature of satire is the desire to use precisely clear language to induce an audience to protest. As a result, the language of the satirist is full of irony, paradox, antithesis, colloquialism, anticlimax, obscenity, violence, vividness, and exaggeration. The satirist uses these techniques to describe painful or absurd situations or foolish or wicked persons or groups as vividly as possible. Johnston argues, The satirist believes that most people are blind, insensitive, and perhaps anesthetized by custom and resignation and dullness. The satirist wishes to make them see the truth at least that part of the truth which they habitually ignore. Moreover, Johnston considers morality as an important characteristic of satire. To put it in his words: At the basis of every good traditional satire is a sense of moral outrage or indignation. This conduct is wrong and needs to be exposed. Hence, to adopt a satiric stance requires a sense of what is right, since the target of the satire can only be measured as deficient if one has a sense of what is necessary for a person to be truly moral. Satire attacks socially objectionable behavior through humorous ways. It aims at amendment of vices by correction. As Feinberg (1967) writes on the characteristics of satire, its essential qualities are entertainment and its freshness. That is, the appeal of satire lies in its literary merit, brilliance, wit, humor, and freshness (7). Satire, therefore, shows old things in a new 17 way to reveal the contrast between reality and pretense through skillful manipulation of language. To put it in Feinbergs (1967:16) words: Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying as works of art, not because they are (as they may be) morally wholesome or ethically instructive. They are stimulating and refreshing because with commonsense briskness they brush away illusions and second han d opinions. With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition, and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract platitude. It is important to note in the above quotation that satire entertains through humor, irony and invective. Russell and Brown (1967:xviii) also argue that where attack is absent or where it tends to turn almost wholly on extreme distortion, what may pass as satire becomes ineffective and does not deserve the name. 2. 3 The Purpose of Satire Harris (2004), highlights that the satirists goal is to expose vice and hypocrisy in order to effect reformation. The best satire, according to Harris, does not seek to do harm or damage by its ridicule, but rather it seeks to create a shock of recognition and to make vice impulsive so that the vice will be expunged from the person or society under attack or from the person a society intended to benefit by the attack. Thus, satire attempts to effect some changes in the behavior of the target as well as to encourage others not to behave in such a manner. Satire is concerned with justice, morality, and virtue. Maynard Mack (quoted by Harris) states that satire asserts the validity and necessity of norms 18 systematic, values, and meanings that are contained by recognizable codes. Accordingly, Harris notes that satire has moral and didactic purpose. He writes: Satire is inescapably moral and didactic (in the best sense of that unfortunately slandered word) even when no efinite, positive values are stated in the work as alternatives to the gross corruptions depictions by the attack. The satirist does not need to state specific moral alternatives to replace the villainy he attacks because the morality is either already present in the lip service his target pays to virtue, or it is apparent by implication. Likewise, Feinberg (1963:20) argues that the primary purpose of the satirist is to moralize. Humbert Wolfe (cited by Feinberg) strengthens this idea considering the satirists work as half-way etween a preacher and a wit; he has the purpose of the former, uses the weapon of the latter. In other words, what motivates the satirist is the hatred he has for the wrong and injustice as much as his love of the right and the just. Moreover, the satirist holds up human and individual wrong doings to censure in order to make us better. The art of satire is, therefore, the delivering of moral judgment and its objective is not to degrade man but to show him how he has degraded himself (Feinberg, 1968:23). The purpose of the satire, according to Sutherland (1958:11) is to compel man to what they have tried to ignore, and to destroy their illusions or pretenses. As a social critic, the satirist, therefore, makes us see familiar things in a new way compelling us to what we have ignored. Accordingly, any kind of satirical comment may magnify, diminish or distort to tear off the guise and expose the naked truth, or to bring someone to his sense s. 19 Abrams (1981:67) agrees on the corrective purpose of satire. He says, Satire has usually been justified by those who practice it as a corrective of human vices and folly. Similarly, Harris (2002) argues that the corrective purpose of satire in exposing individual and human vice and hypocrisy succeeds only to the extent that the audience responds to the attack. Hence, as Sutherland (1958:20) puts it: Satire is not for the literal-minded. It exists on at least two levels, the overt and the implied; and it can only function properly when the tact, the intelligence, and the magination of the satirist are met by a corresponding response in the reader. In short, satire attacks erroneous practices of individuals in particular and human beings at large with intent to bring about changes. These changes may have corrective or moralizing purpose. That is, at the heart of every satire there is criticism that is geared towards exposing hypocrisy, pretense, corruptions, and other shortcoming of human beings. Therefore, satire aims at displaying the critical attitude of the satirist in order to reaffirm values, maintain standards and rectify the follies and vices of the society. 2. 4 Techniques of Satire It has been pointed out earlier that the essence of satire is giving pleasure of criticism by combining or contrasting ideas. Accordingly, satirists use different techniques to convey their messages. Certain specific literary techniques lend themselves to satire because they can contain a measure both of wit and of humor. Among them are exaggeration, distortion, understatement, innuendo, simile, irony, metaphor, oxymoron, parable, and allegory (Harris, 2002). On the other hand, Feinberg (1967) lists distortion, indirection, externality, brevity, and variety as major techniques of satire. Other scholars, such as Matthew Hogart, Gilbert Highet and Northrop Frye, 20 add reduction, invective, caricature, burlesque, and reduction ad absurdum to the list. A brief discussion of the prominent techniques has been presented as follows. 2. 4. 1 Exaggeration Exaggeration is one of the most commonly used techniques in satire. Harris (2002), notes that exaggeration is one of the best ways to get the target to recognize or admit that a vice exists. The satirist exaggerates in order to make the unseeing see, and the seeing-but-complacent oppose and expunge corruption. Hence, exaggeration as a satirical technique plays an important role. To use Feinbergs (1967:108) words: The exaggeration of satirists is not as purposeless as it tries to appear. What the satirist exaggerates is the bad, the foolish, the hypocritical; what he minimizes or omits is the good, the sensible, and the honest. The resulting scene is not only exaggerated but heavily biased-against the victims of the satirists attack. In other words, the satirist uses exaggeration to describe painful or absurd situations or foolish or wicked persons as vividly as possible. On top of that, as a dispassionate observer of humanity and the irate attacker of particular individuals (Knight, 2005), the satirist employs exaggeration to make his observation and attack effective. 2. 4. 2 Distortion The technique of the satirist, as indicated earlier, consists of a playfully critical distortion of the familiar. Distortion refers to changing the perspective of a condition or event by isolation (separation from its ordinary surroundings) or by stressing some aspects and deemphasizing others (Harris, 2002). Hence, the satirist distorts in many ways. For instance, he 21 may minimize the good qualities of the person or institution that he is attacking. For example, in Gulliver’s Travels (1726), Swift exposes humanity in all its baseness and cruelty using this technique. Sa tirists may also magnify the bad ones making isolated instances seem typical. 2. 4. 3 Indirection and Invective One often-used satiric technique is indirection. Many literary critics agree th at the quality of satiric representation is effective when the attack is indirect. David Worcester (cited by Feinberg, 1967:93) remarks that satire is the engine of anger rather than the direct expression of anger. Similarly, Sutherland (1958:20) points out that twentieth century satire relies more and more on the indirectness of irony, innuendo and fantasy. Accordingly, the indirectness of satire helps the satirist to make his or her attack tolerable by making it entertaining. As Johnston (1998) suggests satires that are very direct are boring and ineffectual. Unlike indirection, invective is very abusive. It is an open insult used occasionally for shock effect. It usually lacks irony in order to attack a particular target. According to Johnston, it is the least inventive of the satirists tools. Besides, the danger of pure invective is that one can quickly get tired of it, since it offers limited opportunity for inventive wit. 2. 4. 4 Burlesque Burlesque refers to ridiculous exaggeration in language, usually one that makes the discrepancy between the words and the situation or the character silly. To use Johnstons example, to have a king speak like an idiot or an ordinary worker speak as a king is burlesque. Similarly, a very serious situation can be burlesqued by having the characters in a literary text speak or behave in ridiculously inappropriate ways. In other words, burlesque creates a large gap between the situation or the characters and the style with which they speak or act out the event. 22 2. 4. 5 Irony Irony is a systematic use of double meaning where meaning of words is opposite of the literal or expected meaning. It is a stylistic device or figure of speech in which the real meaning of the words is different from the literal meaning. As Muecke (1969:3) puts it, irony may be a weapon in satirical attack. Likewise, Johnston (1998) notes that irony brings two contrasting meanings into play. Consequently, it becomes satiric when the real meaning appears to contradict the surface meaning. It should, however, be noted that irony is not confined to satire. To put it briefly, satirists use a variety of literary devices. They may use various techniques, such as those described above, in order to say two or more things at one time, and to compare, equate, or contrast for satirical purposes. Moreover, these techniques provide variety, conciseness, and opportunity for employing wit and humor. In explaining the use of satirical techniques, Harris (2004) writes the following about satirical techniques: The satire must be presented in a manner that will bring action, and in a world of complacent hypocrites, irony, with its various means of presentation, is essential; the message cannot be derived without it, if the message is to have any tangible effect. In a two-word abstract, the purpose of satire is the correction or deterrence of vice, and its method is to attack hypocrisy through the ironic contrast between values and actions. The aforementioned quotation highlights that the techniques the satirist uses have to serve the purpose the satirist has in mind. It is an indispensable 23 quality of satire to employ appropriate techniques. Furthermore, Hawthorn (2005:197) remarks that the satirist is concerned with drawing our attention to what he or she is attacking rather than to create characters, situations and events that are believable in and for themselves. That is, a novelist may include satirical elements in works that do not, overall, merit the term satirical novel (and indeed most novelists do). Therefore, literary works that are not usually categorized as satirical (novel or short story) may use the major weapons of satire in order to diminish a set of beliefs by making it appear ridiculous. Finally, based on the techniques the satirist employs satire can be divided into formal or direct and informal or indirect (Abrams, 1981:168). Abrams also distinguishes two types of formal satire, namely Horatian satire and Juvenalian satire, whereas the Menippean satire is indirect. On the other hand, Juvenalian satire is harsher; more pointed, and often attacks particular people with an invective attack. Horatian satire is mild and gentler. To put it in the words of Abrams (1981:169): In Horatian satire the character of the speaker is that of an urbane, witty, and tolerant man of the world, who is moved more often to wry amusement than to indignation at the spectacle of human folly, pretentiousness, and hypocrisy, and who uses a relaxed and informal language to evoke a smile at human follies and absurdities ometimes including his own. In Juvenalian satire the character of the speaker is that of a serious moralist who uses a dignified and public style of utterance to decry modes of vice and error which are no less dangerous because they are ridiculous, and who undertakes to evoke contempt, moral indignation, or an unillusioned sadness at the aberrations of men. 24 2. 5 The Nature of Comedy Comedy, according to Abrams (1971:26), is a form of literature that is de signed to amuse by use of wit, humor, criticism or ridicule. He defines it as: a work in which the materials are selected and managed primarily in order to interest and amuse us: the characters and their discomfitures engage our delighted attention rather than our profound concern, we feel confident that no great disaster will occur, and usually the action turns out happily for the chief characters. Abrams also notes that even though comedy is commonly applied to dramas, the comic form also occurs in prose fiction and narrative poetry. In whichever form it appears comedy attempts to arouse and satisfy human instinct for mischief. In line with this, Fowler (1973:31) has the following to say about the materials of comedy: Comedy in itself is neither morally useful nor immoral: it can perpetuate and extend misconceptions as well as ridicule them. Sometimes, however, dramatists use the irresponsible instinctual speed of comedy to lead the audience to a more complex intellectual awareness. According to John Morreall (http: //www. dbu. du/ mitchell/comedytr. htm) there are many characteristics that make up a comedy. One among them is the fact that comedy is more imaginative, stressing playfulness. For this reason, comedy tends to look for a variety of answers and does not need to solve everything. Secondly, comedy tends to call attention to the incongruities in the order of things, be it political, social, or religious. Thirdly, comic characters are often ironic and disengaged from the situation; they tend to respond wi th wit, imagination, or cynicism. 25 The other characteristic feature of comedy is that its language is fluent and articulate. To put it in Fowlers words: Characters do not feel a need to develop exploratory, stretching uses of language to account for themselves and the world around them, but are satisfied that the relationships between them and the world are simple and comprehensible (1973:32). It is also the nature of comedy to reveal playfulness. Even if it has its serious side, the comic vision tends to treat large portions of ife as not quite so serious. However, satiric comedy, according to Abrams (1971:27) attacks the disorders of society by making ridiculous the violators of its standards of morals or manners. In addition to this, comedy involves exaggeration, incongruity, and contradictions as techniques. It also uses contrast between social order and individual, suspension of natural laws, and comic premise to provide structural and thematic unity for comic dialogue. Ma ny argue that producing pleasure through laughter is the primary nature of comedy. On the other hand, Sypher (1991:148) states that the pleasure caused by the laughter of comedy is not a pure enjoyment. He further notes that it is not a pleasure that is exclusionary esthetic or altogether disintegrated. It always implies a secret or unconscious intent, if not of each one of us, at all events of society as a whole. Therefore, comedy may have a critical intent. Hence, comedy is not always a naive joke; nor is it always seriously stuffed with didactic moral issues. It expresses the characteristics of men in the ordinary circumstances of everyday life. As Sypher (1991:149) puts it: the comic is not always an indication of a fault, in the moral meaning of the word, and if critics insist on seeing a fault, even though a trifling one, in the ludicrous, they must point out what it is here that exactly distinguishes the trifling from the serious. 26 2. 6 The purpose of Comedy Comedies usually tend to focus on the larger community and spend more time paying attention to the interaction between groups. As a result, they often question tradition and those in authority. Comedy, according to Eric Trumbull, serves the purpose of looking at the world in which basic values are asserted but natural laws suspended in order to underscore human follies and foolishness. That is, in comedy we are usually being asked to laugh at our common human foibles and ourselves. Besides, comedy reminds us our inescapable human limitations. Sypher (1991:241-2) discusses several social meanings of comedy. He points out that in its earliest days comedy is an essential pleasure mechanism valuable to the society. To put it in his words: Comedy is a momentary and publicly useful resistance to authority and an escape from its pressures, and its mechanism is a free discharge of repressed psychic energy or resentment through laughter . . . The ambivalence of comedy reappears in its social meanings, for comedy is both hatred and revel, rebellion and defense, attack and escape. It is revolutionary and conservative. Socially, it is both sympathy and persecution. Comedy also serves the social purpose of affirming the security of any group already unsure of itself. With this regard, Sypher says, the comedian banishes doubt by ridicules and is the diplomatic artist (244). He further notes that comedy can relieve the stress between compelling ideals by laughter. In other words, comedy may enable us to adjust incompatible standards without resolving the clash between them. Finally, here is how Sypher (1991:245) describes the use of comedy in helping us with our disillusions: 7 Comedy can be a means of mastering our disillusions when we are caught in a dishonest or stupid society. After we recognize the misdoings, the blunders, we can liberate ourselves by a confident, wise laughter that brings a catharsis of our discontent. We see the flaws in things, but we do not always need to concede the victory, even if we live in a human world. If we can laugh wisely enough at ourselves and others, the sense of guilt, dismay, anxiety, or fear can be lifted . Unflinching and undaunted we see where we are. This strengthens us as well as society. To put it briefly, apart from the pleasure that we get from it, comedy enables us to laugh at evils and errors of human beings. Consequently, it serves the purpose of psychological compensation. In other words, comedy helps us escape from the vices and follies of individuals and societies making us laugh at the imperfections of the world around us. Not only that, but comedy can also be quite in accord with stern morality. It should, however, be noted here that what distinguishes satire from comedy, as Fowler (1973:167) put it, is its lack of tolerance for folly or human imperfection. 2. 7 Satire and Comedy Satire and comedy often shade into each other in ways tha t make an exact borderline difficult to draw. Like satire, comedy has a corrective purpose. The New Encyclopedia Britannica (2005,23,151) highlights that the comic artists purpose is to hold a mirror up to society to reflect its follies and vices, in the hope that they will, as a result be mended. Correspondingly, Johnston shares this view of the corrective purpose of comedy. He argues that satire is a particular use of humor for overtly moral purposes. According to him, satire seeks to use laughter not just to remind us of our common often ridiculous humanity, but rather to expose those moral excesses, those 28 corrigible sorts of behavior which transgress what the writer sees as the limits of acceptable moral behavior. One characteristic feature of satire, as indicated earlier, is criticism and humor. That is, the technique of the satirist consists of a playful critical distortion (Feinberg, 1967:19). Although not everything humorous may be satirical, Harris (2004) states that satire uses humor to make the attack funny. To put it in h is words: Satire, like all literature and poetry, must be intellectually rewarding, be reasonably well written, and especially must entertain in order to survive- and in the particular case of satire, in order to be received at all. The basic mood of attack and the disapproval needs to be softened to some xtent and made more palatable; wit and humor serve this end by making the criticism entertaining, and even attractive. The satirists major objective is unmasking or exposing human follies, vices and shortcomings. As Sypher (1991:242) put it, certainly the laugh of the satirist is often a sneer; and there is an undercurrent of satire in most comedy. As a result, when the satirist uses comic elements, it will only be for the purpose of criticism. In other words, wherever wit is employed to expose something foolish or vicious to criticism, there satire exists. Sutherland (1958:7) strongly argues that comedy, like satire deals with the common errors of our life. He says, If we can agree that it is the satirists intention to expose, or deride, or condemn that distinguishes him from the writer of comedy, then we shall probably find that much of what has conventionally been referred to as comedy should more probably be called satire. On the other hand, the tone of satire may vary in different works 29 eventhough the elements of attack and humor is associated with the efinition of satire. In line with this, Russell and Brown (1967:xviii) argue many satirical works are so playful or whimsical as to preclude the idea of attack, and many other satires, even some acknowledged to be great, lack humor and tend to become ponderous. However, satire and comedy are not exactly the same. Abrams (1981:167) argues that satire differs from the comic in that comedy evokes laughter mainly as an end, while satire derides; that is it uses laughter as a weapo n, and against a butt existing outside the work itself. What sets satire apart from comedy, according to Ian Johnston, is that in satire there is a clear and overt didactic intention. On the other hand, normal comedy aims at producing laughter at our common follies and ourselves. In line with this, Feinberg (1967:101) has the following to say: Uncritical humor is not satire, nor is all satire humorous. But since satirists use all the comic devices for the purpose of criticism, to see how satire works it is necessary to examine four basic techniques of humor: incongruity, urprise, pretense, and catering to the superiority of the audience. In general, there is a common agreement among literary critics that satire uses comedy for the effect of criticism. Besides, as Sutherland (1958:10) puts it, we must be prepared to find the writer of a comedy losing his moral neutrality and slipping into satire, and the satirist occasionally loosening his control over the reader and relaxing into co medy.

Technological Change in Organizations Essays

Technological Change in Organizations Essays Technological Change in Organizations Essay Technological Change in Organizations Essay Name: Tutor: Course: Date: Technological Change in Organizations The term technological change in an organization refers to the process of integrating new and improved technology in organizational processes to increase the efficiency, performance and productivity of the organization (Jin 20). Recently, the organization I work with experienced this type of change. In this current competitive and global economy, technology plays a major role in determining the success of any organization. Organizational managers are starting to realize that technology is effective in the management of resources and they are starting to respond by incorporating it in their organizational structures. For instance, a majority of organizations now have departments like Information technology department, which is managed by a Chief Information Officer. In preparation for the technological change, the organizational management realized that it was their responsibility to facilitate and enable the technological change by first understanding the dynamics of the change from an objective vantage point (Lorenzi 97). The management further prepared for the technological change by educating the staff on the significance and implications of the change at hand. This was supplemented by frequent involvement and empowerment of the staff (Lewis 144). This step was important because the staff was able to understand the connection between the technological change and the objectives of the organization. The preparation process was concluded by the formulation of an implementation plan that was to be used in the implementation stage In the implementation of the technological change, the management applied a five-step change process, which was incorporated with a technological implementation plan (Paton 101). The first step by the management was acknowledging their responsibility to facilitate and motivate the change after understanding it from an objective standpoint. This step was crucial because it eliminated any resistance to change (Haddad 83). The second step involved creating a vision with core values that guide the future of the organization. The third step was managing the political dynamics of change by developing political support. The fourth step was managing the transition from the existing organizational state to the desired technological state. The final step involved sustaining the momentum needed to carry the change through to completion. The implementation of the technological change had a significant impact to the organization. Technological change enabled the organization to reduce its production costs through office automation and electronic documentation of information (Costa-i-Font 6). The technological change also enabled the organization to improve its communication channels by introducing new methods of communication like electronic mailing and web conferencing. Technology also enabled the organization to increase its productivity by introducing efficient and accurate methods of processing information. In addition, the technological changes played a major role in the expansion of the organization’s economic market, which was initially restricted to the local boundaries (Miner 450). In conclusion, the positive impacts that the technological change had in our organization is proof that change is important. Many organizations today realize that it is important to harness new technologies while at the same time change the organizations parameters in order to support more efficient and effective operations. The incorporation of new technology into any organization will always accompany change and it does not matter whether the structure of the organization is simple or complex (Lewis 21). That is why competitively dominant organizations in our global economy today are flexible to change. Costa-i-Font, Joan, Christophe Courbage, and Alistair McGuire. The Economics of New Health Technologies: Incentives, Organization, and Financing. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Print. Haddad, Carol J. Managing Technological Change: A Strategic Partnership Approach. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 2002. Print. Jin, Zhouying. Global Technological Change: From Hard Technology to Soft Technology. , 2011. Print. Lewis, Laurie K. Organizational Change: Creating Change Through Strategic Communication. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. Print. Lorenzi, Nancy M, and Robert T. Riley. Managing Technological Change: Organizational Aspects of Health Informatics. Berlin: Springer verlag, 2003. Print. Miner, John B. Organizational Behavior: Foundations, Theories, and Analyses. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. Print. Paton, Rob, and James McCalman. Change Management: A Guide to Effective Implementation. London: SAGE, 2007. Print.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 48

Case Study Example As a function of this, if I were a recruiter seeking a job applicant, a differential between SAT scores that the applicants exhibited would not necessarily be a fundamental determinant in helping me to make an informed decision. This is due to the types of individuals that firms seek as well as the particular type of job that is being filled. Ultimately, unless to get really high level of stress is placed upon reading or writing or a particular high level of skill is placed upon being able to do complex calculations rapidly, such a score does little if anything with regards to helping determine of the overall suitability of the candidate. In addition to SAT scores, the potential employer could seek to measure GPA, certain technical skills, expertise and interpersonal communications, complex problem-solving skills, or literacy. Many of these can of course be understood and realized within the interview process itself. Others may require the employer to ask the potential employee to submit to a particular round of testing in order to determine to what degree they possess these skills. Ultimately, this is merely a question of what the tickler job is being interviewed for and what particular skills might be required for this job. The traditional interview process is mainly concentric upon the degree in which the individual can rapidly and logically respond to the employer’s questions as well as exhibit their overall level of interpersonal medication and technical skill. The first thing to do in such a situation is to realize that the SAT ultimately measures to particular aspects of the individual. The first of these is naturally their ability to understand the complexities of the English language. The second is with regards to understanding the complexities of certain branches of mathematics. Due to the fact that not all individuals have taken the SAT and/or were in the United States prior to attending university, it would be necessary for such an

Enzymes lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Enzymes - Lab Report Example Enzymes can be defined as biological molecules that catalyze metabolic reactions that sustain life. Enzymes are made of a complex protein and catalyze specific chemical changes within the body of animals and plants such as digestion of food to produce nutrients for the living organism thus the activity of all enzymes are controlled by the enzymes. Enzymes exhibit three major characteristics: increase rate of reaction, act specifically only in one substrate to produce products and can be regulated from a level of high activity to low activity and vice versa. This can be achieved by regulating certain factors affecting enzyme activity such as substrate concentration, pH, enzyme concentration and temperature (Bettelheim, et al, 2007). Lactase is a digestive enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose, a disaccharide sugar into simple sugars that can easily be digested. Lactose structure is made up of two rings which require a lot of energy to be broken down into two molecules of simple sugars. Lactose enzyme catalyzes this reaction by reducing the amount of energy required for the hydrolysis of lactose into two molecules of monosaccharide (Jones et al 2013). Lactase is an essential enzyme for mammals necessary to breakdown lactose into simple sugars that can easily be absorbed, thus in lactating animals, this enzyme is available. However, as human beings grow older, they lose their ability to produce lactase enzyme, a condition often referred to as lactose intolerant. Many biotechnology companies have come up with high quantities of lactase enzyme which is used by lactose intolerant individuals. In this regard, lactase enzyme is added into milk thus lactose is predigested before ingestion. In the definition of enzyme above, we mentioned that enzymes are proteins hence just like other proteins; temperatures are likely to affect them. According to (), high temperatures

Relevance of Martin Luther King

Relevance of Martin Luther King Abstract: This extended essay is about ‚‘‘ Is Martin Luther King‘s speech, ‘I have a dream as relevant today as it was in 1963?‘‘. Comparison of the similarities between Martin Luther King speech, August 1963 and Barrack Obama victory speech, June 8th 2008, the similarities took place to be described. The emotions that Martin Luther King and Barrack Obama evoked, by touching the sensible hearts of humanity dreams, wishes and hopes that built up after many years. The key aspects of both ‘I have a dream and ‘yes we can, it is what everybody wish and dream about the American dream is a soul which lives in everybody, it is the share of basic humanity needs to live safe and non-ignorant life. How have the socio economic, political values, education, employment, housing changed in Black America between 1963 and 2008. Why have these changes come only now? The aim is to analyze looking at the facts from the past and today, to see the wide range of connected dreams and how they were achieved. Is Martin Luther King‘s speech, ‘I have a dream as relevant today as it was in 1963? Who are we, we ask sometimes our selves. We are the characters of the communities and families. We have a list of things to do. If we proceed according to the plan, sense of proportion, even dreams and wishes can come true. Belief and understanding is more essential to us today than it was before. What we want to see is changes and evolvement over time in society, how does it differ today than before and what were the right decisions made to overcome problems that laid the roots long ago in the U.S and global societies. Why only now have these changes occurred? Martin Luther King was one of the greatest fighters of human rights, and injustices, towards the black community and other races. Barrack Obama was a candidate for the presidents of the United States. He spoke his speech to make changes which related to what Martin Luther King started in 1963. A comparison of key elements in Martin Luther Kings dreams and Barrack Obama changes, and the improvement is measured in statistics by race, is a key focus of this research. After years these changes can be related to both men and their visions of America, being less discriminative, positive and free. The key elements of the dreams and changes in both speeches are related to statistics of socio economic and political values, education, employment rates and housing in black America today. Martin Luther Kings dream is full of emotion which was and still is supreme. These emotions were picked up by America‘s hip hop music artists and used as inspiration to support Barrack Obama, who has influenced younger generations to separate bad from good, to follow their dream with crates of hope and bravery, by simply repeating ‘yes we can, like Martin Luther King did, repeating ‘I have a dream. How far did Martin Luther Kings dreams went through over the years? Martin Luther King was born on 15th of January, 1929 and died on the 4th of April, 19681. Martin Luther King was a man with a dream, which has lasted even after his death. He is an example for people and he spoke his words of his dream in front of millions of people and the message was delivered across the world as a result, because discrimination is not only in America, its found all over the world and today there are more and more people who live in one country with many different races in peace, demonstrating that Martin Luther Kings dream is moving down the path to reality. In 1963, Martin Luther King shared his dream with us, his dream was so big and powerful that it exploded from his mouth that day on August 28th 2 into something beautiful and heart touching. The racism was inside people and no matter that the law said that everyone must be equal in every way. Since industrialization, other races that have come to live in, or were living in U.S. and looking for a better future were competing with US citizens, being cheaper labor, willing to work more hours were achieved with less pay in return. Poor living conditions were the peoples concerns reaching financial stability, raising children and giving them education. This never happened, because some white Americans, were without jobs, blamed other races for their fate and turned to a form of hate, physical violence as well as mental abuse. New gangs were introduced in society who worshiped Nazis. The ‘Ku Klux Klan3, it is very famous across the U.S. and globe for their actions and rituals against other races. The burning cross symbolizes a black man burning on it as a sacrifice, white robes also tells us that the members think they are in a war where blacks go against whites. The Am erican dream was far away. The American dream is simply what it says, a dream. Its about hope, the goals that you want for yourself and everyone around you, and if everyone is happy around you, then you are satisfied too. The things you want for yourself, your children and further generations, will be sustained through progress, not repeating the past, but progressing to the materialistic and equal prosperity. Identification of: Martin Luther King dreams  ´When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and Declaration of Independence ´4 Martin Luther King meant the significance of signing a promissory, or in other words, the American dream. Every American has their rights. Every person who lives in U.S. is the same human that creates economic wealth by filling the work place. Every one of them must be treated the same. The same in a way that people salaries are not taken down just because of their skin color or the way they look. Every human is working for himself with emotions, the right to speak and express the ideas freely. The word ‘No can be taken as a right decision but only when the conditions do not allow for something to happen. To improve the condition of the state and human rights for everyone, we have to say yes, to ‘I have a dream. ‘Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all Gods children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. 5 Martin Luther King, was not only taking a good look in U.S. at the time, in his words he mentioned Gods children, which means every single one of us on this planet have to step out of the quick sand of racial injustice. Does it look like a formula, for having a better understanding of life, for having a need to live for something; to love everyone around you; to see everyday happy smiling faces without hatred?: it is a formula which is attempted but never fully fulfilled for the complete result, is the solid rock of brotherhood. There is the word, ‘believer. Martin Luther King believed with all his heart that he could make a change. He was a man who had a lot of emotions that been held in his chest for a long time. A Black man with a dream, who rose up and gave a piece of intelligence and poetry to everyone revealed that he is the same person who does not discriminate, but asked to collaborate without racial ranking. ‘Little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers .6 The dream is a union. Martin Luther King played with faith to look at the blind truth that was buried under discrimination. Together he played a beautiful symphony of brotherhood, turned hatred to hope to recreate things that could be sorted out without fear of harassment, living in a world full of melody, where song are played by an orchestra that relies on the unification of many different personalities. And the conductor who leads the song should be a man, who never fail to unite the sounds and personalities that map the continuous melody of brotherhood. The past is still difficult to look back at; black Americans have been discriminated and for the worse, enslaved. History proved to us that Blacks couldn‘t do many things including work, use services, eat or even live where ever they wanted to. Discrimination also included political issues, for example, voting. Studying generations who had different features were not allowed or even forced out of universities. Poverty was everywhere in black society. Today is a different story. Black race are offered more for professional jobs. Many Blacks enter universities and pass to get a degree; there are many Black politicians and participants in elections. All of this sounds way better. House Purchase Power Home buying power by race ranking in U.S.A 7 Race 1994yr 2007yr % change in buying power since 94 1.White (non-Hispanic) 70.0 75.2 5.2% 2. Asian American 51.3 60.0 8.7% 3. Native American 51.7 56.9 5.2% 4. African American 42.3 47.2 4.9% 5. Hispanic or Latino 41.2 49.7 8.5% It can be seen white Americans have had the most opportunities to buy houses. Asians and Native Americans do not differ a lot, it is 4.9 percent and they are in the second and third places of house buying power. Fourth and fifth place in homeownership goes to African Americans, followed by Hispanics. Over 13 years, Hispanic and Latinos had the lowest number homeowners together with African Americans. The majority of other races, not whites, were zigzagging or slowly growing on the scale of homeownership. Looking at the house purchase power we can see that everything takes time. Patience is what makes you think of many ways how to make a real statement or in this case, Martin Luther Kings dreams are slowly becoming realistic. A dream is when reality issues collide with dreams and the manner of accepting, the changes. Something that Martin Luther King spoke about was a realistic dream that continues up till today and further into our future, a never ending emotion. ‘With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together , to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. 8 The land of opportunities a great nation, this must become true not only on paper, but also in human actions, behavior and acceptance to change together to become newborn fresh minded people who can thrive together so as to be united and wealthy. One person is somewhere, very close in the shape to the problem solver and in the shape of a true black American who has the same rights to speak, but has a different rank. Miracle and fantasy, many are starting to think of how simple it could be to migrate to a location with a purpose, where the creation of a good atmosphere is implied in every human characteristic, with no racial injustice or prejudices. If we had known how to make it all bright at the beginning of the start, then what way would we now understand as the differences in life? If we had only one way of thinking, or only one culture, maybe we would not have to fight for riches, or dreams. And what our governments want can be expressed in many different ways. Resources, wealth, mental and physical control of society, use of the workforce or fulfillment of citizen needs are the factors that our governments have the power to create. Can we think that maybe we are the figures on a chessboard and we can only be moved when its time for the good move, well planned for us by someone who has ‘the right to think he is no better than everyone? Martin Luther King woke up these chess figures, gave those eyes and told them to look around, gave them emotions so they think about the past, gave these figures faith that they would be free one day to move along their own lifes path. Key elements: Barack Obama and Martin Luther King dreams. Martin Luther King 9 (I have a dream) 1-I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. 2-I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. 3-I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. 4-I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. 5-I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream, the one that was shared among the crowds and nation hearts and emotions, hope that traveled through great Mississippi river and valleys and mountains of America spread traveled like a billions of spears infected with emotion crossing our hearts and crippling us for a moment to think about how to heal the old scars. Martin Luther King gives us confident belief in truth, a stick has two ends, although some believe in karma that better days will come, bad influences will get their part as being in hell or treated for their actions, where good influence stays as positive and inviting energy that seeks for truth will have its turn and among the other states which will transform. Barrack Obama 10 (Yes we can) 1-Change is a foreign policy that doesnt begin and end with a war that shouldve never been authorized and never been waged. 2- Change is realizing that meeting todays threats requires not just our firepower, but the power of our diplomacy tough, direct diplomacy where the President of the United States isnt afraid to let any petty dictator know where America stands and what we stand for. 3- Change is building an economy that rewards not just wealth, but the work and workers who created it. Its understanding that fiscal responsibility and shared prosperity can go hand-in-hand. Barrack Obama described the changes in a simple manner that everyone could understand, what can be changed. The need for transformation leads to people who feel for it and proudly say ‘yes we can with a power of diplomacy that comes together with equal decisions, justice and pride in the brotherhood of U.S citizens and all over the world. Including truth, that we all are humans, with less discrimination and injustice we shall learn to work hand in hand and be trustworthy in accepting new ideas from any source, in peace and with attention. An answer to the threat should be not thinking about tactics to overpower, but to think how to think diplomatically. Emotions Barack Obama Barack Obama has steadily moved his political career towards the presidents chair of the United Stated of America. He‘s a great man who loves his family and his friends. He respects his country as well as its citizens who live in U.S. or abroad. His victory speech, was somewhat related to Martin Luther King speech ‘I have a dream‘. Barack Obama used a powerful emotion to enter people hearts projecting truth and causing emotions to go over the sides. Yes we can is a strong force of power that is hidden in these three simple words, and reminds of Martin Luther King ‘I have a dream which is a metaphor for ‘time for a change a dream that is meant to come true. However Barack Obama had a lot of support from a hip hop idol, the richest hip hop artist Jay Z, who wrote a song called ‘History11. The song was about the American history time line of injustice, racism, prejudice, those who fought the barriers of injustice. Jay Zs song relates to Martin Luther King and Barack Obama speeches in the shape of support and truth that one man can make a change together in a bond of hope and time which is kept as a the key to the American dream. They are remembered and today used in Obamas campaign for elections as inspiration. How Barrack Obama was accepted to number one ‘A success is like lust, which is good for the touch Which is good for the moment, but she`s never enough 12 Barack Obama and his staff invested time and money for their plans and deep thoughts to come up with a great victory plan, they were very simple and effective. There were plenty of advertisements, getting his message to sparkle and shine and the use of common technology (internet websites; e.g. Facebook, Blackberries) that everybody use nowadays. Music writers supported his positive ambitions. Jay-Z helped a lot with his ‘History song, and supported Barack Obama. It all sounds like a good plan. Maybe its only the cherry on the top of the cakes, making it all believable that he is the man who can bring changes to society and the economy. He is someone who understands in which century he is living. People joined him, inspired by their connection to him because he showed a direction everyone wanted to see their nation heading towards. Well everybody loves truth, but is that all? Barack Obamas great speech resulted in a massive number of votes not determined by race or age13. Martin Luther Kings dream has been re- awakened. President Barack Obamas speech to the crowds of people on his primary election night on June 3rd 2008, said: ‘And, because all the million people, you believed that this year must be different than all the rest 14. Can Barrack Obama change voter opinions? They only listen, but can they also tell that Martin Luther King dream of equality is being awoken again? President Obamas success brought many hopes and dreams that were re-awakened from deep down of our memories to continue what we like and think is positive. The ideas behind great speech will have to be completed gradually if the President wants to lead America, to be a good leader he must continue to be the one who awakens the dreams in all of us. Votes for President Barrack Obama by race and age: White Americans voted between fifty four percent and forty percent, African Americans voted between ninety six percent and ninety four percent.15 Do we still face racism? Martin Luther Kings dream is relevant today and the country is going in a positive direction more and more when we look at the graph. People don‘t know what‘s going to happen now or later, they have an idea, but maybe Barrack Obama will run out of time to complete his promises and will increase the skepticism amongst Americans. We should never wish for any quick fix. Americans wished for quick changes in socio-economic-issues politics from a person they believed had the power to say everything Americans wanted to hear. ‘As the crowd screams, for the other team I practice so hard for this moment victory don`t lead I know what this means, I`m stuck in this routine Whole new different day, but the same old things All I got is dreams, but nobody else could see Nobody else believe, nobody else but me Where are you victory, I need you desperately Not just for the moment, to make history16. Jay-Z gives a perfect description of a man who has determined himself to make a change. In the election Barack Obama fought with his heart and brain; the same routine every day, but he knew that when he won, the change wouldnt come as fast as many people hope. Hes eager to make difference, and wants to be recorded in history with his actions as change. Not too young, not too old, he has lived in the same conditions as every American, he is smart enough to hold the weight of all the states in the U.S. on his shoulders, to be proven only in four year future. The next four years are the imprint for Barack Obama, its time to change the history and sort out good from bad. Martin Luther King had a problem, himself, that he was black and in 1963 there was way more racism and race/religious crimes. Today we look at another black man Barack Obama and we do not turn our backs on him; character is the key point of human identification and so we follow the brotherhood. Socio economic indicators in America The unemployment rate of black and white Americans comparison Between 1990 and 2000 the unemployment rate for black Americans declined by 0.4 percent, and at the same time between 1990 and 2000 white Americans unemployment rate declined by 0.1 percent. By the year 2000 the unemployment rate had increased for both, black and white races. Factually referring to the statistics black Americans had doubled their unemployment rate up to 8.3 percent and white Americans also has doubled their unemployment rate up to 4.2 percent, half less unemployment than Blacks .17 As mentioned before we can see that U.S citizens have differentiated unemployment rates, thus we can say that this data is telling us that black Americans were more likely to be unemployed. However whites were too, but not that much. Decline in unemployment rate 2000 White Black Decline 4.2 8.3 1990 White Black Decline 0.1 0.4 The statistics tells us again that it takes time for the wishes to be achieved, and be attained. Martin Luther King spoke about ‘slaves and owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood18 and that relies on the recovery of economic growth which Barack Obama explained as everything comes ‘in fits and starts19. It takes time to create jobs and on 2008 the amount of money that was given 787 billion dollars into U.S economy has saved and created one million employments this year in 2009 20. It is clear that Martin Luther Kings speech, ‘I have a dream is in the hands of Barack Obama. We are still fighting for equality, but we cant push the development time forward. Changes: Poverty, racism and alienation have blossomed in America in the past. Hate overwhelms society, when it creates victims. Issues like race, religion, sexual orientation or other, have come to be related with crimes. The Black community has been hated till the last breath in the past. At last all these negativities made about other races are starting to go away. Generally, Black Americans have had a big influence in American history, even though society forced them to live together in the shadows. Today Blacks are offered for more professional jobs. Many of them enter universities and pass to get a degree; many are politicians and there is no better evidence than Barack Obama. The Black middle class is much more accepted today in America and their success has showed changes in many ways. Multiracial celebrities many poets, writers and intelligentsia are highly visible. The changes from 1963 till 2009 are different. In 1963 when Martin Luther King gave his speech, American people were le ss knowledgeable with the spiritual side of human, thus relied on simply surviving. Taking the journey to year 2009, emotions are put in first place there is a serious tone to issues and there is an effort to find a solution by talking. Conclusion People trust in what they see these days more than before. Money and power is what we see and hold clear our hands. But one person who was seen and heard by many of us, Martin Luther King, was not about money or power, he was about giving hope and changing the hearts of people. Barack Obama is a person who respects Martin Luther Kings issues that appear to be with us today. Both society characters were acting for Americas sake to make a difference in emotions, political values, education accessibility, unemployment rates and housing. All these issues were related to both of their characters and, who knows, maybe Martin Luther Kings speech will be needed again to touch our hearts. We can see the truth, over in time if Barack Obama fulfills his great ideas that have blossomed with joy and celebration from the American people. Truly united, and there shall be equality. Not only about racial justice, but for there to be equality there must be a materialistic support and education for every person. This should be the prime assistance for countrys development. We choose the way we want to live and Martin Luther King was a man who thought a way of living in equality, to create no boundaries for his fellow US citizens and humanity worldwide. The spread of the connected dreams takes time to collect and fulfill, but we are going in the right direction with the right amount of listeners today compared to before. Think of what we have, what we miss and what can be done to fight the barriers of insecurity or uncertainty in life. Barack Obama has chosen his words greatly to re unite the country and its citizens. Being a President with ability to talk to crowds of deserved people who have every piece of expression in that speech, this is amazingly unifying. Barrack Obama made people believe in what he believes, introducing people to non ignorant life and uncovering those pathways that Martin Luther King took really carefully. Barack Obama is relevant to continue Martin Luther Kings dream and the spirit living in the lines of the speech can never be destroyed or be irrelevant in the future, it is a treasure that was shared with us for generations. Footnotes 1- http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1964/king-bio.html entered September 28th 2009, page 1. 2- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 3- http://www.kkk.com November 5th 2009, page 1. 4- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 5- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 6- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 7- http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/75/US_home_ownership_by_race.png , http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883976.html entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 8-http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 9-http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 10- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html entered September 5th 2009, page 1. 11-http://www.kovideo.net/lyrics/j/Jay-Z/History.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 12-http://www.kovideo.net/lyrics/j/Jay-Z/History.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 13- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 14- http://images.google.nl/imgres?imgurl=http://allotherpersons.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/percent-who-voted-for-obama.png%3Fw%3D657%26h%3D329imgrefurl=http://allotherpersons.wordpress.com/2009/04/09/the-color-of-the-young-vote-2008/usg=__XEMS7cJ2bVDHWR86kCOaJI_wjOQ=h=329w=657sz=8hl=nlstart=15um=1tbnid=2O4bgvMn2_jqsM:tbnh=69tbnw=138prev=/images%3Fq%3DPercent%2Bvoted%2Bfor%2BBarrack%2Bobama%2Bby%2Brace%2Band%2Bage%26hl%3Dnl%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1 entered September 5th 2009, page 1. 15- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 16-http://www.kovideo.net/lyrics/j/Jay-Z/History.html entered November 18th 2009. 17-http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2008/04/minorities_economy.html 18- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1 19- http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=113426838 entered November 2nd 2009. Page1. 20-http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=113426838 entered November 2nd 2009. Page1. Bibliography 1- http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1964/king-bio.html Martin Luther King Biography. Nobel Lectures, Peace 1951-1970, Editor Frederick W. Haberman, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1972 2- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 3- http://www.kkk.com Ku Klux Klan; Pastor Thomas Robb; USA racist clan. 4- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 5- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 6- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 7- http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883976.html Changes in home ownership by race in U.S.A from 1996 2007. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/75/US_home_ownership_by_race.png Changes in home ownership by race in U.S.A from 1964 2005 graph. 8- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 9- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 10- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html Remarks of Senator Barack Obama Final Primary Night Tuesday, June 3rd, 2008 St. Paul, Minnesota; The Huffington post 06 3 08 11-http://www.kovideo.n